combining ability and heterosis for grain yield and its components in yellow maize (zea mays L.) inbred lines and their crosses
2011
El-Khalf, A.A., General Corporation for Scientific, Raqqa Research Center, (Syria) | Ali, E.S., Agricultural Research Corporation, Wad Medani (Sudan) | Ibrahim, A.E., University of Gezira, Wad Medani (Sudan). Faculty of Agricutural Sciences
Field experiments were conducted at the Gezira Research Station farm (GRS) and Matuq Research Station (MRS) of the Agricultural Research Corporation (ARC), Sudan to assess the general and specific combing abilities of six yellow maize inbred lines for grain yield and its quality. The studied traits showed highly significant differences among the parents and crosses at both locations. The GCA effects were not significant for most traits. The combining ability analysis showed that the non additive gene effects were more important for inheritance of almost all the studied traits. The highest grain yield (6781 kg/ha) was recorded by TZSTR-139×9450 at the GRS and by TZSTR-139×TZSTR-147 (5595 kg/ha) at MRS. The crosses TZSTR-139×TZSTR-148 and TZSTR-139×TZSTR-138 resulted in the highest oil and protein contents while the highest starch content was revealed by TZSTR-148×TZSTR-138 and TZSTR-147×TZSTR-138. Inbred lines TZSTR-139, TZSTR-147 and 9450 were the best combiners for grain yield and most of the measured traits. Estimate of SCA effects for grain yield at GRS showed that crosses TZSTR-139×9450 and TZSTR-148×9450 gave the highest positive SCA effects associated with high heterosis (173 and 307%, respectively) and also showed the highest yield. At MRS, TZSTR-139× TZSTR-147 and TZSTR-139×9450 gave the highest SCA values associated with the highest heterosis (146** and 176**, respectively). Significant GCA effects in the favorable direction suggested the use of the best inbred lines in recurrent selection breeding program to incorporate their traits. Significant SCA effects coupled with maximum heterosis in the superior crosses suggested their utilization in heterosis breeding
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