Fractionation of forest soils organic matter on example of Cambisols in Drahanska upland | Frakcionace humusových látek lesních půd na příkladu kambizemí v oblasti Drahanské vrchoviny
2011
Menšík, L., Mendel Univ., Brno (Czech Republic) | Kulhavý, J., Mendel Univ., Brno (Czech Republic)
Humus is one of the most important components of forest soils. It is the product of humification processes in soil depending on the species composition of stands. Humus markedly influences soil properties. The quality of humus and humus substance (HS), like humic acids (HA) and fulvic acids (FA), is an important soil characteristic. The study evaluates the quality of humus (forest floor, soil humus) in three stands, namely in a spruce stand (spruce) of the first generation, in a beech stand (beech) of the second generation and in a mixed beech/spruce/fir (beech, spruce, silver fir) stand of the second generation at an age of 105-130 years in the area of the Drahanska vrchovina Upland (49°2631N and 16°41'30E). The locality is situated in the Czech Republic on the modal oligotrophic Cambisol of a fir-beech forest vegetation zone at an altitude of 600-660 m at sites of autochthonous mixed forests. Results obtained showed that the higher quality of humus was determined under the beech stand, lower quality under the spruce stand as demonstrated by pH parameters, C/N ratio, Q4/6 ratio HA and UV/VIS spectra. The HA/FA ratio is higher in the spruce stand as against the beech stand where young fulvic acids with the predominance of aliphatic groups prevail. The mixed stand (beech, spruce, silver fir) expressed in percentages 50% broadleaves and 50% conifers improves the humus quality (in H layer pH value, nitrogen content, C/N ratio, HS/FA ratio, forest floor supply), but in the lower Ah horizon, values of parameters (except HA/FA ratio) are at the same level as under the spruce stand (pH, C/N ratio, Q4/6 ratio HA, UV/VIS). The quality of humus was evaluated under the mixed beech, spruce and silver fir stand as medium being higher than under the spruce stand and lower than under the beech stand.
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