A multivariate study of the performance of an ultrasound-assisted madder dyes extraction and characterization by liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection
2008
Cuoco , Guillaume (Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, Avignon(France). Laboratoire de Chimie Bioorganique et des Systèmes Moléculaires Vectoriels) | Mathe , Carole (Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, Avignon(France). Laboratoire de Chimie Bioorganique et des Systèmes Moléculaires Vectoriels) | Archier , Paul (Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, Avignon(France). Laboratoire de Chimie Bioorganique et des Systèmes Moléculaires Vectoriels) | Chemat , Farid (INRA , Avignon (France). UMR 0408 Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale) | Vieillescazes , Cathy (Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, Avignon(France). Laboratoire de Chimie Bioorganique et des Systèmes Moléculaires Vectoriels)
An extraction method of madder (Rubia tinctorum) roots dyes is established and optimized to obtain the original chemical composition. A central composite design (CCD) was developed to specify the importance of the three major factors studied (time, temperature and solvent composition) affecting the ultrasound-assisted extraction of this matrix. A preliminary granulometric study of madder roots is realized in the aim to determine the optimal particles size corresponding to the best ultrasound effects. A comparison with the classical extraction method of madder dyes by reflux is described. The identification of the constituents of R. tinctorum is carried out by liquid chromatography coupled with a photodiode array detector (LC–PDA). Anthraquinonic aglycone and heterosidic dyes compounds are characterized by retention time and UV spectrum: alizarin (1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone), purpurin (1,2,4-trihydroxyanthraquinone), lucidin (1,3-dihydroxy-2-hydroxymethylanthraquinone), rubiadin (1,3-dihydroxy-2-methylanthraquinone), xanthopurpurin (1,3-dihydroxyanthraquinone), pseudopurpurin (1,2,4-trihydroxy-3-carboxyanthraquinone), lucidin primeveroside, ruberythric acid (alizarin primeveroside), galiosin (pseudopurpurin primeveroside) and rubiadin primeveroside. The optimal experimental conditions are 18 min, 36 °C and 37/63 MeOH/H2O (v/v)
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