pan-European minimum requirements for dynamic conservation units of forest tree genetic diversity | Translating conservation genetics into management
2013
Koskela , Jarkko (auteur de correspondance) (Bioversity International, Forest Genetic Resources, Rome(Italie).) | Lefèvre , Francois (INRA , Avignon (France). UR 0629 Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes) | Schueler , Silvio (Federal Research and Training Centre for Forests, Natural Hazards and Landscape, Vienne(Autriche).) | Kraigher , Hojka (Slovenian Forestry Institute, Ljubljana(Slovénie).) | Olrik , Ditte C. (Ministry of the Danish Environment, Graested(Danemark). Danish Nature Agency) | Hubert , Jason (Forestry Research, Northern Research Station, Roslin, Midlothian(Royaume Uni).) | Longauer , Roman (National Forest Centre, Zvolen(Slovaquie).) | Bozzano , Michele (Bioversity International, Forest Genetic Resources, Rome(Italie).) | Yrjänä , Leena (Finnish Forest Research Institute, Vantaa(Finlande).) | Alizoti , Paraskevi (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki(Grèce).) | Rotach , Peter (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich(Suisse).) | Vietto , Lorenzo (Agricultural Research Council, Casale Monferrato(Italie). Research Unit for Intensive Wood Production (CRA–PLF)) | Bordács , Sándor (Central Agricultural Office, Budapest(Hongrie).) | Myking , Tor (Norwegian Forest and Landscape Institute, Fana(Norvège).) | Eysteinsson , Thröstur (Iceland Forest Service , Egilsstadir(Islande).) | Souvannavong , Oudara (FAO,Food and Agricultural Organisation,Rome (ITA)(Italie).) | Fady , Bruno (INRA , Avignon (France). UR 0629 Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes) | De Cuyper , Bart (Research Institute for Nature and Forest, 9500 Geraardsbergen(Belgique).) | Heinze , Berthold (Federal research and training centre for forest, natural hazard and landscape, Vienne(Autriche).) | von Wühlisch , Georg (Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries, Grosshansdorf(Allemagne). Institute for Forest Genetics) | Ducousso , Alexis (INRA , Cestas (France). UMR 1202 Biodiversité, Gènes et Communautés) | Ditlevsen , Bjerne (Ministry of the Danish Environment, Graested(Danemark). Danish Nature Agency)
This paper provides a review of theoretical and practical aspects related to genetic management of forest trees. The implementation of international commitments on forest genetic diversity has been slow and partly neglected. Conservation of forest genetic diversity is still riddled with problems, and complexities of national legal and administrative structures. Europe is an example of a complex region where the dis- tribution ranges of tree species extend across large geographical areas with profound environmental dif- ferences, and include many countries. Conservation of forest genetic diversity in Europe has been hampered by a lack of common understanding on the management requirements for genetic conserva- tion units of forest trees. The challenge resides in integrating scientific knowledge on conservation genet- ics into management of tree populations so that recommendations are feasible to implement across different countries. Here, we present pan-European minimum requirements for dynamic conservation units of forest genetic diversity. The units are natural or man-made tree populations which are managed for maintaining evolutionary processes and adaptive potential across generations. Each unit should have a designated status and a management plan, and one or more tree species recognized as target species for genetic conservation. The minimum sizes of the units are set at 500, 50 or 15 reproducing individuals depending on tree species and conservation objectives. Furthermore, silvicultural interventions should be allowed to enhance genetic processes, as needed, and field inventories carried out to monitor regen- eration and the population size. These minimum requirements are now used by 36 countries to improve management of forest genetic diversity
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