Studies on the beet cyst nematode and methods of its management in Esfahan Province
2000
Ahmadi,Ali.Reza | Damadzadeh, Mahmood | Hatami,Hosein | Almasi,Hasan | Barooti,Shapoor | Eshtiaghi,Hasan
Heterodera schachtii, the beet cyst nematode is one of the most important pests which causes severe yield losses in regions with a long histroy of sugarbeet cultivation. 655 soil and sugarbeet root samples were taken from different parts of the state during 1992-97. The results showed that 26.54% of the fields with the average of 64.31 eggs and larvae/gr. of soil are infested at economical loss level in:Braan, Burkhar, Rudasht, Ghohab, Kohpayeh.Lenjan, Shahreza, Mobarekeh, Mahyar, Ardestan, Najafabad, Semirom and Golpayegan. Hschachtii was confirmed by microscopic, macroscopic characteristics and nematode reaction on beet. Among 44 plant species in 14 families that were surveyed for host range of beet cyst nematode, 10 species in four families were host. The results showed that under field condition, Hschachtii has four generations per year, 46, 43,70 and 76 days respectively. The total degree-day at soil depth of IDem for the four generations was 500,850,1400 and 789 respectively. The effect of crop rotation with non-host crops on the control of Hischachtii in Gahab region of Esfahan showed that differences between treatments and control were highly significant at P=O.01. Cultivation scheme of beet, cotton, wheat, onion (silage com), cantalaup and beet has the best effect on population decline of the nematode , increase of root yeild and sugar . content as well. According to the results of the effect of resistant catch crops on ~ .population decline of the nematode in the glasshouse, reduction of nematode population w~s_~n-l00%." In ~he field experiment th~ population reduction was 68-99%. The cultivars Adagio and Pegletta (Raphanus sativus\} had better growth and more nematode reduction than other' cultivars in Esfahan condition.
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