Investigation of groundwater quality for irrigation in Karak district
2014
Ghumman, A.R. (University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila (Pakistan). Dept. of Civil Engineering) | Sultan, T. (Bahauddin Zakariya Univ., Multan (Pakistan). Dept. of Civil Engineering) | Hashmi, H.N. (University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila (Pakistan). Dept. of Civil Engineering) | Rizwan, A. (University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila (Pakistan). Dept. of Civil Engineering)
Groundwater is one of the important resources for irrigation in many parts of the world. The contamination of groundwater and lack of parity between groundwater extraction and recharge has posed a serious threat on its use. It is due to deteriorating groundwater quality and depleting water table. The purpose of this research is to investigate the groundwater for irrigation qualitatively and quantitatively for Karak District. Public awareness and economic prosperity of the people in this district is also aimed. To serve this end, 24 groundwater samples were collected for determining the concentration of major ions like Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca), Carbonate (CO3) and Bicarbonate (HCO3). Commonly used parameters like Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR), Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP), Residual Sodium Carbonate(RSC), Permeability Index (PI), Magnesium Absorption Ratio (MAR) and Kelly's Ratio (KR) were determined for assessment of groundwater quality for its use in irrigation.. Secondly, the crop-water need was also calculated using software CropWat 8.0 for windows to ensure sustainable use of groundwater for irrigation. Rainfall, cropping pattern, crop intensity, soil type and humidity data was collected for this purpose. The results of irrigation water parameters show that the groundwater is suitable and sustainable for its use in irrigation in Karak District if certain measures like creation of organizational setup and sustainable management are taken to handle the problems.
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