Insurance Against Covariate Shocks : The Role of Index-Based Insurance in Social Protection in Low-Income Countries of Africa

agents agricultural inputs agricultural production arid lands child health commercial banks crop insurance debt disaster relief drought economic growth economic shock emergency relief famine farm size farmers financial institutions food aid income insurance livestock production local government malnutrition microfinance mortality municipal governments natural disasters poverty reduction poverty traps productivity public sector public works resource allocation risk management risk mitigation risk reduction rural areas rural development savings shock social insurance social protection sustainability targeting wages