The Effect of Low Temperatures on the Reproductive Organs of Bigarreau Burlat and Summit Cultivars Grafted on Different Rootstocks | ВЛИЯНИЕ НА НИСКИ ТЕМПЕРАТУРИ ВЪРХУ РЕПРОДУКТИВНИТЕ ОРГАНИ НА ЧЕРЕШОВИТЕ СОРТОВЕ БИГАРО БЮРЛА И СЪМИТ, ПРИСАДЕНИ ВЪРХУ РАЗЛИЧНИ ПОДЛОЖКИ
2014
Popov, S., Institute of Fruit Growing, Plovdiv (Bulgaria)
The observations were carried out in 2012 in an orchard planted with the cultivars Bigarreau Burlat and Summit, grafted on different clonal and seedling rootstocks. The studied trees were in their fifth vegetation period. The aim was to establish the effect of the rootstock on the resistance of the reproductive organs of the trees of the two cultivars, exposed to the severe temperature drop down in the period of deep dormancy and to low temperatures at the beginning of spring. The frost injuries in the flowers on mixed shoots and multiple buds were reported after the temperature drop down to -3.5 and -2.0 оС on 17 and 18 March, and to -1.0 and 2.2 оС on 2 and 3 April, respectively The analysis of the results showed that in both cultivars the economically significant injuries ovaries partially or totally damaged by the frost were reported for the trees grafted on the wild cherry seedling rootstock, on the clonal rootstock F 12/1 P. avium and on MaxMa 60, one of the parents of the latter being also F 12/1. The least injuries were established in the flower organs of the trees on the weak growing rootstock Gisela 5. The differences in the frost damages in both cultivars grafted on Tabel Edabriz were significant – the percentage of damaged flowers was more than twice higher for the trees of Summit cultivar. Bigarreau Burlat cultivar demonstrated much better frost resistance compared to Summit when grafted on almost all the studied rootstocks. The only exception was observed in the variant on MaxMa 14 rootstock, in which frost damages were slightly more severe.
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