Study on the type and extent of probable abnormalities in bearing tissue culturederived date palm trees
2014
Hajiyan ,Saeed | Damankeshan ,Bahareh
Regeneration refers to the process of growing to a complete plant from a cell or a group of cells by using the tissue culture technology. In vitro culture should result in production of plants similar to their original. However, dates' tissue-cultured seedlings show some abnormalities in their vegetative and reproductive growth procedures which shall be studied in regard with percentage and diversity. In order to investigate the status of the exiting abnormalities in the palm trees (Phoenix dactylifera L.) produced by tissue culture method, 20 trees produced by tissue culture in Jiroft and 20 trees produced by suckers of the same cultivar in Abadan were compare in regard with their reproductive and vegetative abnormalities. Results of the T test showed a significant difference between sucker-cultured trees and tissue cultured trees in regard with the given properties. The tissue-cultured trees had more initial flowers in compare to the sucker-cultured trees, and, thus, number of seeded and seedless fruits was higher in compare to sucker-cultured trees. On the other hand, the parthenocarpy percentage and number of abscised flowers and fruits were higher in compare to sucker-cultured trees. Regarding all the properties, comparing the standard deviation of treatment (in tissue-cultured trees, equal to 10.64) with control (in sucker-cultured trees, equal to 8.13) showed that the treatment's standard deviation is higher, that is, more changes had happened in the measured properties of tissue-cultured trees. The vegetative and reproductive abnormalities observed in the tissue-cultured trees under study included dwarfism (5 percent), terminal bending (5 percent), excessive vegetative growth (5 percent), twisted inflorescence (44.44 percent) uneven ripening (100 percent), fertilization failure and parthenocarpic fruits (100 percent), and supernumerary carpels (50 percent); while the abnormalities observed in the sucker-cultured trees include uneven ripening (35 percent) and fertilization failure and parthenocarpic fruits (35 percent).
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