Plastoglobule in chloroplast and its role in prenylquinone metabolism
2013
Kim, H.U., RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Kim, E.H., RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Lee, K.R., RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Jung, S.J., RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Roh, K.H., RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Kim, J.B., RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea
Lipid droplets called plastoglobules are present in all plastid types. In chloroplasts, they are surrounded by the outer lipid monolayer from and connected to thylakoid membrane. The plastoglobule core contains the neutral lipids, which includes prenylquinones, triacylglycerols, and carotenoids. During stress and various developmental stages such as senescence, the size and number of plastoglobules increase due to the accumulation of lipids. Plastoglobules proteome revealed the presence of metabolic enzymes as well as structural proteins, plastoglobulins/fibrillins. Among the metabolic enzymes, the tocopherol cyclase, VTE1 and the NADPH quinine dehydrogenase, NDC1 have demonstrated that these participate in isoprenoid lipid metabolic pathways at the plastoglobule, notably in the metabolism of prenylquinones (tocopherol, plastoquinol and phylloquinone).
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