Aspen wood by-product complex usage for obtaining wood-polymer composite material ingredients | Apses pārstrādes blakusproduktu kompleksa izmantošana koksnes-polimēru kompozītmateriālu ingredientu ieguvei

Inglés. In Latvia, forestry residues and wood mechanical processing by-products are mainly used for energy purposes, not finding them much more rational use. At the same time, they can serve as a raw material for obtaining new products with added value. The aim of this work was to obtain eco-friendly ingredients for making wood-polymer composites by using aspen sawdust with its following complex processing and purposeful modification. For obtaining wood microparticles as a composite material filler, the acid pre-treatment of aspen sawdust at T is less than 100°C under laboratory conditions was carried out. The effective amination of the hydrolysed sawdust particles for the development of the filler was carried out using a 20% NH4OH solution containing the oxidised agent (NH4 )2S2O8. For obtaining a lignin-based compactabilizer (an interface tension regulator) that could help improve the bonding between the hydrophilic wood filler and the hydrophobic polymer, the polyelectrolyte reaction between soda lignin, which was obtained via soda delignification of the hydrolysed aspen sawdust under laboratory conditions, with the polymer modifier was used. The obtained product represented a lignin polyelectrolyte complex with the pronounced surface active properties at the interfaces. With the aim to use the biomass from the formed hydrolysates in the developed composite compositions, the new method of its quantitative isolation by using the complex coagulant consisting from polyaluminium chloride and the coagulant of a polycation type has been proposed. By using the appropriated laboratory equipment for polymer processing (extruder, molding machine), the composites on recycled polypropylene (PP) filled with the modified hydrolysed and the hydrolysed aspen particles, containing the developed lignin compactabilizer, were made and tested. The obtained results testified the essential improvement in the mechanical properties of the developed composites in comparison with initial recycled PP.

Letón. Ar mērķi iegūt koksnes-polimēru kompozītmateriālu ingredientus – pildvielu un starpfāžu spraiguma regulatoru (SSR) no apses blakusprodukta, tika veikta tā kompleksā pārstrāde un efektīvā modificēšana, izmantojot skābes hidrolīzi maigos apstākļos (T ir mazāks par 100° C) ar sekojošo frakcionēšanu un koksnes daļiņu (mazākas par 250 µm) modificēšanu ar amooksidēšanas metodi. Izmantojot natronlignīnu, kas iegūts apses skaidu delignifikācijā laboratorijas apstākļos, tika izstrādāts SSR -lignīna polielektrolīta komplekss, ko raksturo paaugstināta virsmas aktivitāte starpfāžu robežā. Izgatavotie kompozītparaugi uz otrējā polipropilēna bāzes ar 30% modificēto un hidrolizēto apses koksnes daļiņu saturu SSR klātbūtnē uzrādīja augstākas mehāniskās īpašības salīdzinājumā ar izejas reciklēto polipropilēnu.