Эффективность использования пожнивных сидератов и соломы под сахарную свеклу | Use efficiency of green manure crops and straw for sugar beet
2012
Lukyanyuk, N.A. | Gulyaka, M.I. | Ostanin, A.V., National Academy of Sciences (Belarus). Scientific and Practical Center for Arable Farming. Experimental Scientific Station on Sugar Beet
In course of research there was studied the use of catch crops and straw as an organic fertilizer for sugar beet (Beta vulgaris var. saccharifera). The stationary field experiment was realized in 2000-2011 in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. As a result of realized research there was proved the possibility of application of preceding cereal grinding straw and herbage of stubble oil radish at lack or deficiency of manure on light soils with nitrogen fertilizers without reducing of sugar beet productivity. In the highly specialized crop rotations with the saturation of sugar beet 25% replacement of manure with straw or oilseed radish was not able to make 60 t/ha of manure on any of the macronutrients and organic matter. The use of straw and oilseed radish (intermediate culture) ensured the preservation of agro-physical parameters of the soil at the level of the standard. For the three crop rotations tendency to decrease in humus content and potassium in the soil was traced. The use of green manure and straw for sugar beet led to a significant reduction in sugar beet yields in the second and subsequent crop rotation. Application of nitrogen fertilizer under the straw and oilseed radish decreased the sugar content and increased the content of alpha-amino nitrogen in the roots. In the absence or deficiency of manure for sugar beet on well-cultivated sod-podzolic sandy soils it was possible one-time replacement of its green mass of green manure and straw in separate fields of crop rotation.
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