Distribution of mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEA) and T-2 and HT-2 toxins in maize silage in various profile of the trench silo during feed-out phase
2014
Krizova, L., Agroresearch Rapotin, Rapotin (Czech Republic) | Richter, M., Agroresearch Rapotin, Rapotin (Czech Republic) | Pavlok, S., Agroresearch Rapotin, Rapotin (Czech Republic) | Veselý, A., Agroresearch Rapotin, Rapotin (Czech Republic)
The aim of the study was to determine of fusarium mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEA) and T-2/HT-2 toxins in maize silage during feed-out phase and to compare their distribution in different layers (bottom, middle and top) of the trench type silo. Samples of maize silage intended for dairy cows feeding were collected from the trench type silo in July 2014 on a family farm in Hosteradice, the Southern Moravia, Czech Republic. Five samples of silage were taken from each of three different layers of the trench silo - bottom layer (BL) 50 cm, middle layer (ML) 125 cm and top layer (TL) 200 cm from the silo platform, respectively resulting in a total of 15 samples analysed. Samples were analysed on dry matter content, fermentation products and content of fusarium mycotoxins DON, ZEA and T2/HT-2 toxins that were determinated using ELISA method. The DM content in BL was lower than in ML and TL (P less than 0,05). pH ranged from 3,91 to 4,29 and differed between BL and TL (P less than 0,05). Degree of proteolysis was the highest in BL (9,84 %) in comparison to ML (8,77 %) and TL, respectively (P less tan 0,05). Concentration of fermentation products did not differ significantly between layers of sampling except of acetic acid content that was lower in TL compared to ML and BL (P less than 0,05). All tested samples were positive for DON, ZEA and T-2/HT-2 toxins. Mean concentration of mycotoxins across the silo was as follows: DON - 724,8 microg/kg, ZEA - 214,9 microg/kg, T-2/HT-2 toxins - 158,8 microg/kg. DON was presented in all layers with mean concentrations ranginf from 693,7 microg/kg (ML) to 756,6 microg/kg. No significant differences between layers were observed (P more than 0.05). Mean concentration of ZEA in TL (130,9 microg/kg) was lower than in ML or BL, being 238,4 or 275,3 microg/kg, respectively (P less than 0,05). Concentrations of T-2 and HT-2 toxins were similar across the silo and were not influenced by the layer of sampling (P more than 0,05).
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