POTENTIAL OF IMPORT SUBSTITUTION OF DAIRY PRODUCTS IN THE OREL REGION

The necessity to increase the food share of domestic production in overall balance of consumption (or as it is used - import substitution) recently is discussed closely to the topic and on the highest level. As far as this problem solution is a cornerstone of food safety of the country, it will be found absolutely. Significant conditions of realization of the assigned task are operational efficiency and predictability of measures on state support of milk productive enterprises, because without consistent state support, probably the situation will develop according to negative scenario. In general to solve the problem of forced import substitution of dairy products is necessary to determine prior regions with potential of its realization and to introduce the protected expenditures of budget, their financing must be determined before 2015 minimum. It must be stressed that as early as next years the forecast amount of budget financing in dairy branch will considerably increase possible amount of financing in the framework of obligations undertaken by Russia in the WTO. We believe that the question of recovery of industrial and breeding base of the branch is no less than vital in the context of import substitution of dairy products. For it recovery is necessary to set aside and provide financing of territorial corporate groups according to type of regional clusters, with maximum potential of dairy product increase. The Orel region dairy subcomplex completely corresponds to the required parameters. In the region at present there are 430 thousand hectares of free areas, which can be used to extend milk production. Grain yield in the current year increased 2,5 million tons. It also gives positive characteristics to the region feed supplies. Particularly it is necessary to pay attention to condition of dairy cattle breeding base. In the Orel region since 1982 personnel of Orel State Agrarian University has been doing planned and purposeful work of improving local dairy herds. Breed livestock farms accumulated considerable breeding material - high productive cows of Black-and-White Holland of the preferred type with milk yield for the 1st lactation 4500 kg of milk with fat content 3,8% and at the 3rd lactation and older - 6000 kg of milk with fat content 3,8% are bred, which is considerably higher (by 8,2-17,4%) than productivity of purebred cows herd mates.