Disinfection of winter wheat grain by ozone and negative corona discharge field
2017
Avdeeva, V., Stavropol State Agrarian Univ. (Russian Federation) | Antonov, S., Stavropol State Agrarian Univ. (Russian Federation) | Molchanov, A., Stavropol State Agrarian Univ. (Russian Federation) | Devedorkin, I., Stavropol State Agrarian Univ. (Russian Federation)
Today, an urgent problem of agricultural production is decline of food and fodder grain quality. One of the reasons of decline of grain quality is its contamination with mushroom infection, and as a result, formation of mycotoxins - poisonous products of mold mushroom metabolism. The grain keeps quality if the condition of its storage should be favorable for insects and microorganisms. Besides preventive measures it is necessary to carry out processing of grain for the purpose of prevention and decrease of grain molding. The existing grain disinfecting methods, such as chemical, thermal, biological and other, have some advantages and disadvantages. All methods have high disinfecting effect, but some are ecologically dangerous, others are power-intensive, labour-consuming, and expensive. Recently electrophysical methods of grain crop disinfecting attract great attention of scientific different directions because they are various in means and opportunities. In the Stavropol State Agrarian University researches on the influence of electrophysical factors on decrease in contamination of wheat grain by mushroom infection were conducted for several years. In particular, dynamics of development of mushroom colonies Aspergillus and Fusarium was determined. As a result of long experiments the optimum modes of disinfecting of grain are revealed by ozonized air and the field of the negative crown discharge (FNCD). The results of this experiment showed that the III mode of grain processing is optimum: FNCD + ozone, intensity of the field 3.6• 10**5 V• mE-1, the processing time of grain is 70 seconds, a dose of ozone is 28.8 g• s• mE-3. Grain after processing in the III mode can be stored for 150-180 days without danger of development of mushroom colonies Fusarium and in 120 days colonies of mushrooms Aspergillus are suppressed.
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