An impact of sugar type and concentration on induction of embryogenesis in anther culture of Aesculus carnea Hayne
2012
Zdravković-Korać, Snežana (Institute for Biological Research Siniša Stanković, Belgrade (Serbia)) | Devrnja, Nina (Institute for Biological Research Siniša Stanković, Belgrade (Serbia)) | Tubić, Ljiljana (Institute for Biological Research Siniša Stanković, Belgrade (Serbia)) | Milojević, Jelena (Institute for Biological Research Siniša Stanković, Belgrade (Serbia)) | Ćalić, Dušica (Institute for Biological Research Siniša Stanković, Belgrade (Serbia))
Haploid plant production increases variability of the germplasm, allows fixation of recessive traits, and accelerates plant breeding through double haploid production. This is especially important for the breeding of woody plants, as they have a long reproductive cycle with several years of juvenile phase. With the aim of increasing the efficiency of androgenesis in red horse chestnut, an impact of sugar type and concentration on embryo production in anther culture was tested. Anthers of red horse chestnut were isolated from surface sterilised flower buds (5 mm), cultured on solid MS medium supplemented with 5 M 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) + 5 M 6-furfurylaminopurine (kinetin, Kin) and either sucrose or maltose at 2%, 5%, 10% and 15%, and kept in darkness for 8 weeks. Thereafter, the anthers were transferred to MS medium with 0.05 M 2,4-D, 5 M Kin and 2% sucrose and exposed to 16h light photoperiod. The highest embryogenic response was attained in anthers cultured on media supplemented with 10% and 15% maltose during the induction phase. Androgenic embryos were capable of high frequency secondary somatic embryo formation on medium with 0.05 M 2,4-D + 5 M Kin + 2% sucrose. Secondary somatic embryos (SSE) at cotyledonary stage of development germinated readily on the same medium, and developed radicle at high frequency (82.16 ± 1.31%), while 11.59 ± 1.62% of SSEs developed epicotyl, and only 5.13 ± 0.92% of SSEs developed both radicle and epicotyl. Further research is needed to increase the conversion rate from embryos to plantlets
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