Cadmium accumulation in Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle seedlings under phosphorus and iron deficiency
2012
Đunisijević-Bojović, Danijela (Faculty of Forestry, Belgrade (Serbia)) | Đukić, Matilda (Faculty of Forestry, Belgrade (Serbia)) | Belanović, Snežana (Faculty of Forestry, Belgrade (Serbia)) | Skočajić, Dragana (Faculty of Forestry, Belgrade (Serbia)) | Grbić, Mihailo (Faculty of Forestry, Belgrade (Serbia)) | Bjedov, Ivana (Faculty of Forestry, Belgrade (Serbia)) | Obratov-Petković, Dragica (Faculty of Forestry, Belgrade (Serbia))
Potential plant nutritional disorders on carbonate soils are phosphorus or iron deficiency. Adapted calcicole plants, like Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle, have ability to change root microenvironment by increasing rhizosphere acidity and capacity of roots to uptake iron, zinc and phosphorus. Modified root microenvironment influences availability of toxic heavy metals, especially cadmium, which is among the most mobile in contaminated carbonate soils. Adaptation for efficient nutrients uptake also affects the process of Cd uptake into roots and translocation in shoots. To access influence of nutrients deficiency on Cd uptake and translocation hydroponic method was used to growth seedlings of Ailanthus altissima. Ten days after Cd contamination by adding Cd (NO3)2 at 20 µM in growing medium, accumulation of Cd was detected in roots and leaves of Fe-deficient, P-deficient and control plants. Results indicate that roots of P-deficient plants accumulate significantly less Cd (152.6±29.12 mg/kg) than control, well supplied plants (632.7±67.12 mg/kg) and Fe-deficient plants (621.6±56.24 mg/kg). Concentrations of Cd in leaves of P-deficient plants were a little bit higher than in control and Fe-deficient plants, but statistically insignificant. The iron and phosphorus deficiency decreased root and shoot biomass production of Ailanthus altissima seedlings. Cadmium contamination decreased root and shoot growth in control and additionally, in iron deficient plants, but in phosphorus deficient plants Cd treatment did not influence growth. From presented data it seems that P deficiency in growing media is more limiting factor for Cd accumulation than Fe deficiency. This study could be important for improvement of phytoextraction efficiency on polluted soils, which are poor in phosphorous and iron available forms.
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