Evaluation for Impacts of Nitrogen Source to Groundwater Quality in Livestock Farming Area
2017
Lee, G.M., National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea | Park, S., National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea | Kim, K.I., Mokpo National University, Muan, Republic of Korea | Jeon, S.H., National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea | Song, D., National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea | Kim, D.H., National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea | Kim, T.S., National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea | Yun, S.T., Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea | Chung, H.M., National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea | Kim, H.K., National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea
We investigated 52 livestock farming complexes in Gyeong-Gi and Incheon provinces based on low, medium, and high livestock density and groundwater quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate a relationship between nitrate N concentration in groundwater and animal factors, such as livestock density and animal species. 2,200 groundwater samples for 3 years from 2012 to 2014 at Gyeong-Gi and Incheon provinces were collected and analyzed for pH, EC, DO, ORP, temperature, major anions and cations, such as NO3-N, HCO3 - , PO4 - , SO4 2-, Cl- , NH4-N, K+ , Na+ , Ca2+, Mg2+, T-N, and TOC. Average concentration of total N for generated load density was 23,973 g day-1 km-2 for cattle, 51,551 g day-1 km-2 for pig, and 52,100 g day-1 km-2 for poultry. For animal feeding species, average ratio for generated load over discharge load was 16.1% for cattle, 7.8% for pig, and 7.1% for poultry. Therefore, cattle feeding region is highly vulnerable for water pollution compared to pig and poultry feeding areas. The concentrations of chloride, nitrate, and total N in the groundwater samples were higher at high animal farming regions than other regions. The average concentration of nitrate, and chloride in groundwater samples was 5.0 mg L-1, 16.6 mg L-1 for low livestock density, 6.9 mg L-1, 17.7 mg L-1 for medium livestock density and 7.6 mg L-1, 22.7 mg L-1 for high livestock density and total nitrogen (T-N) was 7.7 mg L-1 for low livestock density, 9.4 mg L-1 for medium livestock density, 10.7 mg L-1 for high livestock density. In conclusion, based on this research, for managing groundwater quality near livestock farming regions, Ca-(Cl+NO3) group from the Piper diagram is more efficient than using 19 factors for water quality standard.
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