Variabilities of Cotabato and Sultan Kudarat [Philippines] weedy rice variants (Oryza sativa L.) based on morpho-agronomic traits
2017
Martin, E.C. | Bruno, J.S. | Donayre, D.K.M. | Sandoval, F.R. | Codod, C.B.
The spread of weedy rice in rice field areas has been increasing significantly. It affects the quality of cultivated rice and significantly reduces the crop yield. Different reports have emerged on the extent of distribution and infestation of weedy rice biotypes. However, no studies were documented about the phenotypic characteristics of weedy rice in the Philippines particularly in Cotabato and Sultan Kudarat. This study was done to investigate the incidence, biology and phenotypic characteristics of weedy rice biotypes and to develop management strategies for the control of weedy rice. Survey and collection of weedy rice biotypes were conducted in the rice field areas of Cotabato and Sultan Kudarat (2016 DS). Eight weedy rice biotypes with distinct grain characteristics were identified and designated as WR-Cot 1, WR-Cot 2, WR-Cot 3, WR-Suk 1, WR-Suk 2, WR-Suk 3, WR-Suk 4 and WR-Suk 5. Laboratory experiment and screen house trials were conducted at Philippine Rice Research Inst., Maligaya Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija Philippines. Among the survey sites, Sampao, Isulan, Sultan Kudarat had the highest number of collected weedy rice (15 panicles/sqm) followed by Tugal, Midsayap, Cotabato (13 panicles/sqm). Ncs, Midsayap, Cotabato had the lowest number of collected weedy rice with 6 panicles/sqm. WR-Suk 2 was the most prevalent biotype observed during survey followed by WR-Cot 2. Under screen house condition, all the weedy rice biotypes had early maturity with longer culms compared to cultivated rice variety (NSIC Rc222) except for WR-Cot 2. Other yield parameters and agronomic characteristics were found to be variable compared to cultivated rice variety. Thus, implying that weedy rice biotype is a great treat in rice production.
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