Fractionation of bioactive compounds from oleander

In the present study, an attempt was made to investigate the antioxidant, antimicrobial and phytochemistry of flower and leave extracts of two varieties of Oleander including Nerium indicum and Nerium oderum. Extraction was performed by using different solvents. The antioxidant activity was determined by measuring reducing power, total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid contents (TFC),TPC of leave extract of Nerium indicum and Nerium oderum were found in the range of 3.94-4.89g/100g DW and 4.34-4.96g/100g DW, respectively and of flower were in the range of 4.41-5.20g/100g DW and 4.58-4.89g/100g DW, respectively. TFC of flower extracts of Nerium indicum and Nerium oderum were to be ranged from the 2.12-2.98 and 2.18-2.78g/100g of DW, respectively while TFC of leave extracts was found in the range from 1.94-2.81 and 1.23-2.67g/100g of D/W, respectively. Reducing potential of flower extracts of Nerium indicum was high in methanol (1.642-1.794) and of leave extract was high in water (1.50-1.79). Reducing power of flower extract of Nerium oderum was higher in water (1.501.73). Reducing potential of leave extracts of Nerium oderum was high in water (1.42-1.79). The antimicrobial activity was determined by disc diffusion method. Both varieties showed high antibacterial activity against B. subtilis as compare to E. coli and high antifungal activity was found against F. solani as compare to G. lucidum. The HPLC analysis of phenolic fraction showed the great variability of substances. The gallic acid was identified as a main compound. The other compounds which were identified were caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, sinapinic acid, 4 hydroxy 3 methoxy benzoic acid, p-coumaric acid, trans-4-hydroxy 3 methoxycinnamic acids, syringic acid and fereulic acid. Overall results showed that both varieties are good source of antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds so can be used in herbal formulation after further studies.