Exploitation of heterosis in Gossypium hirsutum for quantitative traits
2016
Aslam, M.K.
The cotton production declined during recent years mainly due to high temperature, rain fall at the time of sowing, high infestation of sucking insect pest and high input cost. Hybrid production is the way to develop genetically stable genotypes to face these problems. It is a success story in many countries. But in Pakistan, this approach has not been exploited yet for commercial release. An experiment was planned to study combining ability effects and degree of heterosis for seed cotton yield and yield contributing traits in Gossypium hirsutum L. The data was recorded for quantitative traits in cotton. ARK-5 x VH-256, PB-38 x NIAB-878B, HRVO x NIAB-878B showed positive SCA effects for number of boll per plant and number of sympodial branches per plant. Crosses HRVO/D2 x VH-256 and FH-35 x VH256 showed positive SCA effects for plant height. For cotton seed yield per plant positive SCA results found in HRVO x NIAB-878B. Heterosis for yield contributing and fiber quality traits were also calculated. Maximum negative heterosis (-21.07%) for plant height showed by the cross FH-35 x MT-11. While maximum positive heterosis for seed cotton yield per plant of 51.39% was observed in cross ARK-5 x NIAB-878B. FH214 x MT-11 had shown positive heterosis for average boll weight, fiber length and fiber strength. Maximum positive heterosis for fiber fineness was exhibited by the cross ARK-5xVH-256 (41.66%). Commercial heterosis for yield per plant is 12.12% that was observed in cross HRVO/D2 x VH-256, ARK-5 x MT-11 showed maximum positive commercial heterosis of 31.36 % for GOT % this study revealed that these hybrids could be used to develop high yield breeding material.
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