Obrada zemljišta u funkciji vitalnosti biljaka šećerne repe i prevenciji bolesti / Soil tillage in function of sugar beet vitality and disease prevention
2016
Višacki, Vladimir (Poljoprivredni fakultet, Novi Sad (Srbija)) | Sedlar, Aleksandar (Poljoprivredni fakultet, Novi Sad (Srbija)) | Stojšin, Vera (Poljoprivredni fakultet, Novi Sad (Srbija)) | Turan, Jan (Institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad (Srbija)) | Bugarin, Rajko (Poljoprivredni fakultet, Novi Sad (Srbija))
There are two approaches to soil tillage technology in the production of sugar beet. The first is the modern approach in terms of use of reduced tillage and the other is the most common plow tillage for planting sugar beet. Plowing is the operation of mechanical tillage, and from that point we should not forget the phenomenon of soil compaction. Soil compaction occurs on two levels, in the zone below the zone of processing and treatment. Sugar beet must establish roots in the soil so that head is as little as possible above the soil surface along with the leaf rosette. This is not possible because the lower part of root encounters compacted layer, and has no strength to break through and consequently root head establishes itself above the soil surface. In result, poor conditions in the shallow soil layer such as, for example, inaccessible moisture during dry months, appear. In reduced tillage, often called conservation tillage, crop residues are dispersed over the soil surface. It is used as a new technology for the production of sugar beet and replaces negative effects of plowing. In addition to reduced tillage, 'no tillage' technology is also present in practice, i.e. direct sowing without any pretreatment of soil. Lately, direct sowing gets a special place in agro and manufacturing technology. The mulch is present on the surface for direct sowing, prevents early appearance of weeds, so the use of pesticides can be reduced. Conservation tillage is a long-term plan for sustainable agricultural production and organic food production due to reduced use of pesticides.
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