Efect of germination and water absorption on scarifcation and stratifcation of kousa dogwood seed
2018
Cho, J.S., Nongwoo Bio CO., LTD., Yeoju, Republic of Korea | Lee, C.H., Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
Cornus kousa (kousa dogwood), used as a landscape tree and a source of food and medicine, is difcult to propagate from seeds owing to dormancy. The present study was conducted to develop an efective method of seed propagation and identify the seed dormancy type. Kousa dogwood seeds were classifed as presenting physical dormancy (PY) and physiological dormancy (PD) from an immature embryo. Seeds were contained within an impermeable endocarp that conferred PY and had an undiferentiated embryo that grew and diferentiated after scarifcation and cold moist stratifcation, leading to improved germination. To break PY+PD, four replicates of 50 seeds (3200 in total) for each treatment were prepared by scarifcation and cold moist stratifcation. These methods combined improved moisture absorption and germination more than either treatment alone. In particular, the addition of cold moist stratifcation treatment to scarifed seeds could efectively induce embryo development. By contrast, untreated seeds showed low germination rate of less than 1% at 30 °C with continuous light. Sulfuric acid (H₂SO ₄) at diferent concentrations and durations was used to uniformly wound the endocarp of seeds. Treatment with 80% H₂SO4 for 10 min resulted in the highest germination rate (68.6%) and moisture content (65.7%), which were higher than those following polishing with a brushing machine for 5-40 min. Longer treatment with high concentrations of H₂SO ₄ (80 and 100%) caused the acid to infltrate the seed and inhibit germination by damaging internal tissues, while low concentrations (40 and 60%) did not afect germination rates even after treatment for more than 10 min. To obtain maximum germination, concentration and treatment duration of sulfuric acid should be carefully controlled.
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