Diversity of phylloplane saprophytic fungi on monoculture shallot (Allium cepa) and its potency as microbial antogonist to purple blotch disease (Alternaria Porri) in East Java, Indonesia
2016
Nirwanto, H. | Mujoko, T.
Purple blotch disease caused by Alternaria porri (Ellis) Cif. is one of the major diseases in shallots, with yield losses reaching as much as 40% (Wahyuno et. al. 2003). Chemical and physical disease control measures, as well as the use of resistant varieties against purple blotch disease have not achieved satisfactory results in minimizing damage on shallots. This research explored the potency of various types of phylloplane and phyllosphere fungi as microbial antagonist to A. porri infecting shallot crops. Shallots samples were taken from several shallot-planting areas in Probolinngo, Malang, Kederi and Nganjuk District. The experiment was conducted from from September 2009 to January 2010 at the Plant Pest and Disease Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, UPN 'Veteran' East Java. Research survey was conducted in areas with an altitude of 150-600 meter above sea level (masl). Exploration was done to get the phylloplane and phyllosphere fungi from several varieties of shallot crops of different origins. The results showed that the most prevalent species found in all districts were Penicillium and Stemphylium. Analysis of phylloplane fungal diversity from Malang and Probolinggo isolates showed diversity index value of 2.99 and 3.54, respectively.
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