Estudio de la actividad inmunomoduladora y antiviral de lipopolisacáridos bacterianos en lubina (Dicentrarchus labrax, Linnaeus 1758)

Encephalopathy and Viral Retinopathy is responsible for massive mortalities of marine fish, up to 100 per cent when they are in their larval phase and in juveniles. To control diseases, the use of vaccines and immunostimulants is increasingly being applied. Vaccination is the most appropriate method for the control of diseases caused by pathogens from an economic, ethical and environmental point of view. They are biological preparations that contain the appropriate antigen or antigens that stimulate the immune system. After vaccination, contact with the pathogen should provoke a strong response in the fish that will limit the reproduction of the pathogen and prevent the appearance of the disease. Innate immune response represents the early and non-specific response to infections, in them we find different responses such as the inflammatory response (IL-1beta, TNFalfa, IL-6, etc.), anti-inflammatory (IL-10, etc.), apoptotic (Caspasa) 3, etc.) and antiviral (IFN, Mx gene). The IFN can be studied its activation through the expression of the Mx gene. In our study we will perform immunostimulation in seabass to analyze the progression of the inflammatory, antinflammatory, apoptotic and antiviral response in immunostimulated and unstimulated fish, as well as the expression of Mx and the ability to control the infection by Nodavirus experimentally. The results show that the groups stimulated with LPS show an early inflammatory, apoptotic, weak and unstable, there is no anti-inflammatory response and the antiviral response stable and continued over time. The results have shown that the groups stimulated with LPS demonstrate a response that increases over time having its maximum expression on the sixth day. When these immunostimulated groups are infected they present a faster and more intense Mx response together with a lesser replication of the virus in the nervous system than unstimulated fish