ROOT ROTS OF PEAS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE KIROV REGION
2019
Gradoboeva, T.P.
Root rots is one of the most harmful and common diseases of peas in the Russian Federation. Fusarium root rot prevails in the Kirov region, caused by fungi of the genus Fusarium spp., L. Among them dominated F. oxysporum (Schlecht.) var. pisi (Hall) (with frequency of occurrence 34,3%), F. culmorum (W. G. Sm.) Sacc. (13,3%), F. avenaceum (Fr.) Sacc. (12,4%). Other pathogens that cause root rot have been identified, among which the following are more common Aphanomyces euteiches Drechs. (12,4%), Pithyum ultimum Hesse (8,6%), Rhizoctonia solani Kuchn. (3,8%). Isolates F.oxysporum, F.solani, F.culmorum showed the greatest pathogenicity to peas with all methods of assessment. At the same time, various strains of these fungi showed different degrees of aggressiveness, which must be considered when creating an artificial infectious background. The results of screening genotypes for infectious background indicate their high susceptibility. Only differences in the extent of plant damage are noted. Highly resistant and resistant varieties to root rot was not found. The genotype of the local selection of E- 561 was affected in a moderate degree, the development of the disease in which did not exceed 40.0%. Genotypes 90-21-31 (Russia, Oryol region), L-13-25 (Sweden), Е-4035, Е-1972, Е-4152 (Russia, Kirov region) characterized by susceptibility to fusarium root rot. However, the progression of the disease in these varieties was significantly lower than in other studied varieties, such as Lasma (Latvia). On variety 90-21-31, the development of the disease was 25,0- 47,6%, on L-13-25 – 34,0-54,5%, Е-4035 – 38,5-51,5%, Е-1972 – 42,6-57,4%, Е-4152 – 43,1-52,9 %, Lasma – 69,4-90,6%.
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