Determining the effect of olive leaves extracts, chitosan and alginate encapsulation on performance, some blood parameters and antioxidant activity in broiler diets

This study was conducted to determine the effects of effect of olive leaves extracts and chitosan and alginate coated olive leaves coated extracts added to broiler diets on performance (body weight, body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, European Production Efficency Factor-EPEF, ) carcass characteristics, some internal organ weights (heart, liver, spleen, bursa of Fabricius, gizzard, proventriculus and abdominal fat), some biochemical values in blood serum (ALT, ALP, AST, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL triglyceride), breast and thigh pH values, breast meat MDA level, intestinal pH, tibia and femur width, height, weights, litter and feces dry matter and ammonia levels.The olive leaf extract (1.5%) was encapsulated with the alginate (1%) which provided the most appropriate encapsulation, followed by a second coating with chitosan (1%). Alginate and chitosan coated olive leaf extract obtained after drying process were used in broiler rations. In vitro digestion / bioavailability analysis of olive leaf extracts encapsulated with alginate and chitosan was performed.In the broiler feeding study, 105 male broiler chicks were used for 1 day and the study lasted 37 days. Three groups, each consisting of 35 chicks, were arranged, and each group was divided into 5 subgroups consisting of 7 chicks. The groups were formed as 1 control and 2 experimental groups. No additions were made to the control group. Olive leaf extract (ZYE) containing 125 mg / kg oleuropein was added to the first experimental group and olive leaf extract (AK-ZYE) coated with alginate and chitosan at the same level for the second experiment group ration.At the end of the study, the effects on live weight, live weight gain, feed conversion ratio, European Production Efficiency Factor were found to be statistically significant (P <0,05) in control group and ZYE group. While there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of feed consumption and survival, the AK-ZYE group showed positive results (P> 0,05). There were no statistically significant differences between control group and ZYE and AK-ZYE added groups (P> 0,05) in terms of carcass yield, heart, spleen, liver, bursa Fabricius, abdominal fat, proventriculus weights and their live weight ratios. A statistically significant difference (P <0,05) was found between organ weights and ZYE and AK-ZYE groups only when compared with the control group in the groups with only proventriculus weight and live weight ratio and there was significant difference between the Alginate and Chitosan to olive leaf extract groups Difference was found. At the end of the experiment, the mean values of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, thigh meat, breast meat pH, tibia and femur width, height, weight, breast meat MDA, feces and litter dry matter, feces and litter ammonia nitrogen, blood serum ALT, ALP, AST, HDL, LDL, total cholesterol and IgG values were found statistically insignificant (P>0.05). Blood serum LDL levels were statistically significant among the groups and it was found that the AK-ZYE group was statistically significantly lower than the control group (P <0,05).As a result we have been able to protect oleuropein from encapsulation of phenolic compounds in olive leaf extract which is coated with alginate and chitosan for the first time. The use of broiler rations in the product obtained by encapsulation of the olive leaf extract has resulted in statistically significant improvements in performance, particularly in terms of blood levels of LDL. It has been concluded that oleuropein in the coated olive leaf extract, which causes these significant effects, would be useful to examine with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties in different conditions.