The impact of different pH of nutrient solution on plant growth | Atšķirīgu barības šķīduma pH rādītāju ietekme uz kultūraugu augšanu
2019
Alsina, I., Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Agriculture | Belkus, S., Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Agriculture | Blumfelds, R., Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Agriculture | Sergejeva, D., Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Agriculture
Plant growth and development are significantly affected by soil reaction. The optimal pH differs for different plants, but for most of them it is pH 6−7. The concentration of hydrogen ions in nutrient solution affects mineral salts solubility, mineral elements uptake and physiological processes in the plants. Changes in the pH level of cell influence physical and chemical properties of protoplasm, the ability to link mineral elements, stability of proteins, activity of enzymes etc. Plants can partially adjust to the pH level of nutrient solution and avoid harmful pH changes. The aim of experiments was to clarify plant ability to adjust to pH level of nutrient solution and how the maintenance of pH influenced plant growth. Experiments were carried out in the polycarbonate greenhouse of the Institute of Soil and Plant Sciences in the frame of Master programme study course Plant Ecophysiology. Sprouted seeds of rye (Secale cereale L.), peas (Pisum sativum L.), field beans (Vicia faba L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) were placed on a sieve fixed on 0.5L jars containing water with pH 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9. The pH in the solution in each jar was determined once a week. After two weeks of cultivation plants were fertilized with Yara Kristalon NPK+Mg (18+18+18+3) when the concentration of solution was 1%. If necessary, the solution in the jar was supplemented with water, pH of which corresponded to the reaction of solution of that time. At the end of the experiment fresh and dry mass of roots, above part of plants and chlorophyll content were determined. The experiments showed that if pH value in solutions was 3, plants were not able to adjust to it and their growth was significantly delayed. Other pH values in solutions influenced plants. Maize and rye adjusted to it if pH was close to 7. Legumes had two adjusted pH values: beans 6.1 or 4.5, peas 6.8 or 4.6. The largest plant mass was obtained if solutions’ pH value was 7 for field beans, 6.3 for peas, 5.7 for maize and 6.8 for rye. Content of chlorophyll was a less sensitive parameter, the significant decrease of chlorophylls content was detected in grain leaves at solutions’ pH≥8.0.
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