Characterization of Puccinia recondita, the causal agent of brown rust: a review
2019
Peksa, K., Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava (Latvia);Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Priekuli, Priekuli Parish, Priekuli Municipality (Latvia). Inst. of Agricultural Resources and Economics | Bankina, B., Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava (Latvia)
Brown rust caused by Puccinia recondita is a significant disease in cereal growing areas worldwide. On average, brown rust can cause yield losses from 10% to 40% resulting in economic losses. The disease damages the leaves, stems and glumes of cereals. Classification of the pathogen causing brown rust has undergone several revisions. There are two different opinions about the causal agent causing brown rust on rye and wheat. Some scientists consider that the causal agent of brown rust in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and rye (Secale cereale) is included in the broad species of P. recondita defined by Cummins, but other scientists consider that there are two species causing brown rust – P. recondita in rye and P. triticina in wheat. There are many studies about the races of P. recondita in wheat: in North America, 70 races are collected every year; in Canada, 35 races have been found; in Europe, 105 races have been found. Unfortunately, there are no studies about the races of the pathogen of rye. P. recondita is a heteroecious fungus with a complicated life cycle. For successful development, the fungus requires cereals as primary hosts and different alternative hosts, depending on the specialization of the pathogen. Specific studies about the biology, distribution and harmfulness of Puccinia recondita in Latvia are necessary. Monographic method was used for this study. The aim of this article is to summarize the information from the literature about Puccinia recondita, the causal agent of brown rust, with emphasis on the occurrence, harmfulness, taxonomy, and life cycle of P. recondita f. sp. secalis.
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