Overview of plant bacterial diseases research in Montenegro
2019
Popović, Tamara | Obradović, Aleksa (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9425-3871)
Plant production in Montenegro is becoming more important considering limited availability of land, climatic conditions and economic opportunities. The production profitability can be compromised by various plant pathogenic microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, phytoplasmas, and viruses. Bacterial and phytoplasma incited diseases are the most devastating considering their spread and difficulty to control. In Montenegro, bacterial diseases of plants have not been sufficiently studied. However, several economically important bacteria were reported in the past. Erwinia amylovora, the causal agent of fire blight of pome fruits is widespread in the continental part of the country, causing significant damage and limiting production of pome fruits and susceptible ornamental plants. Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, the causal agent of citrus blast of mandarin, almost every year, depending on climatic conditions, causes the production losses along Montenegrian coast. Pseudomonas syringae, commonly known as a pathogen of stone fruits, was just studied as a pathogen of sour cherries. The presence of Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni on almond trees indicate the need to determine its possible presence in other host plants (peach, nectarine, plum, apricot). Agrobacterium tumefaciens was reported as causal agent of crown gall disease of grapevine. Considering vegetable bacterial diseases, the presence of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, the causal agent of black rot and vascular bacterial disease, was confirmed on crucifers. On ornamental plants, Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. nerii was confirmed on oleander, while calla soft rot was caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum.
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