The influence of development phase, ratio and ensiling of vetch and oats on digestibility
2019
Đorđević, Nenad (Faculty of Agriculture, Zemun – Belgrade (Serbia)) | Grubić, Goran (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2673-9471) | Stojanović, Bojan (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5057-1790) | Božičković, Aleksa (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8671-4906) | Blagojević, Milomir (Institute for Forage Crops, Kruševac (Serbia))
In attempt to better utilize the available land and produce more quality forages very important solution in recent times is to grow winter crops for green mass, hay, haylage or silage. The biggest practical problem is to find the optimal development phase for cutting, the best ratio of legumes and cereals and the influence of conserving (drying or ensiling) on protein and carbohydrate fractions content. Based on information from literature and our own results, when vetch and oats are produced as mixture the highest impact on carbohydrate fractions content and digestibility has exploitation phase. When mixtures are cut in earlier development phase, the increase of NDF content and lignin and significant decrease in digestibility was confirmed in most investigations. In previous domestic investigations vetch and oats mixtures showed decrease in CA and CB3 carbohydrate fraction and increase in CC fraction with the plant development. For fractions CB1 and CB2 there was no regular pattern observed with plant development. With the increase of vetch percentage in the ratio the significant decrease was observed in content of NDF, hemicellulose and lignin with the significant increase of digestibility. Domestic investigations have not shown significant influence of inoculation on chemical composition of vetch and oats silage but there was significant decrease in acetic acid and soluble protein content. Based on such results it can be concluded that the proper selection of development phase and ratio of vetch and oats has the biggest impact on contents of certain carbohydrate fractions and digestibility, while inoculation has influence on proteolytic processes and quality of produced silage.
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