Implementation of water framework directive in coastal areas of Marmara sea and determination of discharge criteria | Marmara denizi kıyısal alanlarında su çerçeve direktifi'nin uygulanması ve deşarj kriterlerinin belirlenmesi

In this thesis study, it is aimed to apply Water Framework Directive to the Sea of Marmara and determine discharge criteria of Izmit Gulf which is the designated pilot area.Marmara Sea is the regional sea of Turkey. Approximately 23% of the Turkish population is existed in Marmara Region and it contains cities like Istanbul, Kocaeli and Bursa which have intense urbanization and industry.The Marmara Sea have been partitioned into 22 water body units in the scope of this thesis. The designated water body have been found to not to exhibit heavily modified water body qualities. Based on the applied pressure-impact studies, LUSIVal index method was found to be the most effective method on the Marmara Sea.Both land based sources studies and LUSIVal analysis have demonstrated the high rates of pollution in the gulf of Marmara Sea. Also the upgrade of the waste water treatment plant of Istanbul city have been determined to be crucial for improving the water quality. Similarly it is concluded that the waste water treatment plants of the districts within the Gulf are required to be upgraded. It is determined that the water bodies in the Marmara Sea are of moderate ecological quality. Inner Gulf of Izmit have been found to have the worst state in terms of water quality. Gulf of Bandırma and Outer Gulf of Izmit have been determined to be a class of poor water quality and immediate precautions are necessity in order to restore the ecological status.There are 8 determined water bodies which are not classified. This situation demonstrated the importance of the time series stations and requirement of correct, comprehensive and demand based establishment of the station points.Discharge criteria of TP in inner Gulf of İzmit is established as 0,91 µM and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) discharge criteria as 7,4 µM. Discharge criteria of TP in outer Gulf of İzmit is established as 0,72 µM and DIN discharge criteria as 5,92 µM.