Gestion forestière et cycle du carbone : apports de la modélisation à large échelle et de la télédétection
2010
Bellassen, Valentin
A forest management module (FMM), inspired from the stand-scale FAGACEES model has been developed, together with miscellaneous add-ins to the core of the ORCHIDEE global vegetation model. The coupling of both into ORCHIDEE-FM allows the simulation of forest carbon stocks and fluxes at a large scale, taking into account forest age structure and biomass exports related to forest management. ORCHIDEE-FM has been assessed at the different spatial and temporal scales relevant to the processes it simulates: from the heterogeneity of trees within an average stand to carbon stocks and fluxes at continental scale, and from annual fluxes to changes in stocks over the typical 100 to 200 years of a forest rotation. Three applications of the model are presented. The reconstruction of the European forest carbon sink between 1950 and 2000 concludes to a significant impact (13%) of age structure change in the simulated increase in this sink. The simulation of poplar short rotation coppices allows the economical and ecological assessment of this type of practice under a current and a future climate. Finally, the assimilation of biomass and height data, estimated from remote sensing, is found to decrease the error on simulated fluxes by 30% to 50%.
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