The study of human milk composition. Ph.D. thesis for the acquisition of a doctor degree Doctor of Science (Ph.D.) in Food and Beverage Technologies | Mātes piena sastāva izpēte. Promocijas darbs
2021
Aumeistere, L., Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Food Technology
The Ph.D. thesis was elaborated during the period from November 2016 to March 2021 at the Faculty of Food Technology of the Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies and the Laboratory of Chemistry of the Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment BIOR. The hypothesis of the Ph.D. thesis: maternal nutrition during lactation predicts human milk composition and serves as a basis for providing the essential nutrients for the infant. The hypothesis is supported by the following thesis: • a lactating woman can meet her nutritional needs by consuming a well-balanced diverse diet, which also serves as the basis for providing certain nutrients for infant via human milk; • total fat, protein, lactose content in human milk is not directly affected by maternal diet; • qualitative and quantitative fatty acid composition of human milk is influenced by maternal dietary habits during lactation; • essential and potentially toxic element content in human milk is related to maternal dietary habits during lactation; • exclusively breastfed infants till six months of age can receive a sufficient amount of energy and nutrients (fat, protein, lactose, fatty acids and essential elements) via human milk. The research object of the Ph.D. thesis: mature human milk (at least 28 days postpartum). The aim of the Ph.D. thesis: to evaluate human milk composition in relation to maternal nutrition and to assess nutritional supply for exclusively breastfed infants. Consequential research objectives were set to achieve the aim of the Ph.D. thesis: 1) to analyse protein, lactose, fat, fatty acid, essential (Ca, Mg, Na, K, Zn, Se, Mn, Fe, Cu, Co, Cr) and potentially toxic element (Al, Ni, As, Sr, Cd, Sn, Sb, Pb) content in human milk; 2) to evaluate the compliance of the women’s nutrition during lactation with the recommendations at the national and European level; 3) evaluate the association between maternal nutrition and human milk composition; 4) based on elaborated human milk composition results, theoretically evaluate nutritional adequacy of exclusively breastfed infants till six months of age.
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