About selection of machinery for combined field and transport processes in small farms
2021
Vezirov, C., Angel Kanchev Univ. of Ruse (Bulgaria) | Atanasov, A., Angel Kanchev Univ. of Ruse (Bulgaria)
A method is suggested for reasonable choice of tractors, agricultural machines and vehicles to implement linked field and transport processes based on easily accessible generalized available experimental data. Results of such procedure are site specific solutions appropriate for small farms. Basics of this method are power and forces balance for each definite possible machine and tractor unit. Resistant draft force is predicted according to the terrain, work period, tractor and machine undercarriage, weight of the unit and goods in the storage bunker, hopper, and tank. Fuel consumption is estimated for all regimes: stopped engine, standby, unit idle, turning without productivity, work with or without movement, unit transit to a place for loading or unloading of the machine storage volume (bunker, trailer, lorry bodywork). Time utilization is calculated for two main cases – summary for the shift and for each working cycle. Each time the expenditures are included in the shift duration base on official recommendations, experimental data and simple formulas. The above mentioned equations take into account the travelled distance in one cycle, field speed, and amount of gathered product from the field or spreading product for a specific area. Particularly for transportation forward speed is calculated as a function of engine and transmission potential, terrain surface, road width, distance between places for passing of vehicles, traffic intensity. Selection is made by comparing of field and transportation capacity, fuel and labour consumption. For comparison, the working capacity is shown in the services area for a shift. Some differences of combined field and transport operations in cases of continuous and interrupted processes are considered.
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