Fatty acid characterisation, sterol composition and spectroscopic analysis of selected Cucurbitaceae seed oils
2017
Ogunbusola, E. M. | Fagbemi, T. N. | Osundahunsi, O. F.
The need to exploit more plant food for value addition and food security necessitatedinvestigation into three species of Cucurbitaceae for fatty acid, sterol and spectroscopicanalysis. The seeds of two varieties of Lagenaria siceraria (calabash and bottle gourd) andwhite melon (Cucumeropsis mannii) were processed into flour, defatted and the oils extractedfrom the seed flours were analyzed for fatty acid, sterol composition, proton and 13C NMRand Infra Red spectroscopy. The predominant fatty acid group in the seed oils was unsaturatedfatty acid. The Cis-linoleic acid was found to be the most abundant fatty acid in the seed oils(59.47 – 60.40 %). Phytosterols identified in the seed oils were campesterol (12.20 – 50.58mg/100g), stigmasterol (4.47 – 5.98 mg/100g) and β-sitosterol (205.81 – 300.04 mg/100g)while cholesterols were not detected in the seed oils. The proportions of monounsaturated,polyunsaturated and saturated acyl groups were predicted from the frequency of some IR bandsand these were in agreement with the values obtained using GC. The FTIR spectra of the oilsshowed that the wave numbers of many of the bands were dependent on the nature of the seedoils. The +H NMR spectra of the seed oils confirmed that Cucumeropsis mannii seed oil containless polyunsaturated fatty acid than the two varieties of Lagenaria siceraria and that the seedoils contain insignificant amount of linolenic acid. Lagenaria siceraria and Cucumeropsismannii seed oils have potential for both domestic and industrial applications
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