Assessing genetic diversity of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) germplasm collections using microsatellite markers
2009
Puspitaningrum, Y. | Rivallan, R. | Purba, R. | Perrier, X. | P. Putri, L. A. | Asmono, D. | Sudarsono | Billotte, N.
We used a set of 16 independent polymorphic microsatellite or SSR (Simple Sequence Repeats) loci in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) to characterise 173 accessions issued from 46 various oil palm genitors of PT Sampoerna Agro Tbk (South Sumatra, Indonesia). Our principal objectives are to check the origin and to study the genetic diversity of the genitors, along with 34 reference accessions including self-progenies from two of the four historic oil palms introduced in 1848 in the Botanical Gardens of Buitenzorg (Bogor, Indonesia). We present here: (1) the basic genetic parameters: mean number of alleles per locus, mayor allele frequency, observed (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosities, polymorphism information content (PIC); and (2) the genetic differentiation within and between origins by Factorial and Neighbour Joining analyses. The Deli accessions were grouped together confirming their common origin and narrow genetic basis. A second very distinct group of least genetic diversity was the AVROS and SP540T breeding material. A third broader group was formed by West and Central Africa accessions from COte d'Ivoire, Ghana, Nigeria, Zaire, Tanzania, Cameroon. The genetic parameters and the structure of the Sampoerna Agro's selected germplasm showed a good representation of the oil palm species global diversity. Based on such results, favourable heterosis effects for the palm oil production may also exist in an inter-population hybridization program between A VROS and Africa genitors as it has traditionally been shown in crossing between Deli and Africa materials.
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