The use of tractors in timber extraction and situation of timber harvesting mechanization in Turkey
2005
Demir, M., | Gandaseca, S.
This paper summarizes the use of tractors in timber extraction and major problems of forest harvesting in Turkey. In Turkey, timber harvesting is carried out manually due to economical, social and environmental reasons. Only 5% of harvesting activities in Turkey are mechanized, while these are almost 80% in developed countries. Overall ratio of mechanization is relatively low. Approximate percentage of skyline harvesting, man power, animal power, and machine power used in harvesting were 5%, 72%, 15%, and 8%, respectively. Total forest road required in Turkey was 201, 810 km, of which 133, 693 km (correspond to 66.25%) was constructed by the end of 2004. As for 2004, the number of mechanical equipment had been reduced to 19 tractors (4x4 and assembled shovel), 169 skidding winches, 6 tractors with snow cleaner, 46 forklifts, 26 loaders, 32 skylines, 65 agricultural tractors, 4 agricultural tractors with shovel, and 2 debarking machines. The total reduction of 42% occurred during the years 1998-2004. In spite of the existence of substantial number of harvesters, the number of modern harvesting processors in Turkey is insufficient. Types and brands of machines have not been taken into consideration to improve mechanization. Further, poor standardization is another problem in Turkeys forestry. Forestry machines reparation station should be reopened in Turkey.
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