Physicochemical characterization of enzymatically prepared fish protein hydrolysate from waste of shortfin scad (Decapterus macrosoma)

Norizah Mhd Sarbon; Nabilah Husna Ishak

Physicochemical characterization of enzymatically prepared fish protein hydrolysate from waste of shortfin scad (Decapterus macrosoma)

2018

Norizah Mhd Sarbon | Nabilah Husna Ishak

The aim of the present study is to report on the physicochemical characterization of shortfin scad (Decapterus macrosoma) waste hydrolysate (SWH) enzymatically prepared using alcalase. The characterization incorporates chemical composition (moisture, protein, fat, ash), protein concentration, molecular weight (SDS- PAGE), amino acid composition, solubility and structure properties of shortfin scad waste hydrolysate (SWH) via Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. SWH contains an average of 5.06 ± 0.47% moisture, 73.08 ± 1.54% protein, 7.55 ± 0.90% fat and 10.40 ± 0.13% ash, with a high protein concentration (30.80mg/ ml). The SDS-PAGE result showed that molecular weight of SWH was less than 17kDa. The amino acid composition of SWH was found to be high in glutamic acid/glutamine (12.39 ± 0.59%) and aspartic acid/asparagine (7.89 ± 0.18%), followed by glycine (7.15 ± 0.39%), lysine (6.80 ± 0.15%), arginine (6.38 ± 0.08%), and leucine (5.99 ± 0.10%). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra showed that SWH presented a similar structure to that shortfin scad waste (SW). In addition, protein solubility in SWH increased to 92.98% by increasing pH level (pH 4 to pH 10). These findings demonstrate the promising potential of shortfin scad waste hydrolysate for the application as natural bioactive sources due to high protein content and concentration, lower molecular weight, high solubility, and high percentage of essential amino acids which fulfil adult human requirements.

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