Phenology and growth of semi-determinate soybean varieties across two different seasons
2019
Cantimprate, S.C. | Cuizon, A.J.V. | Aquino, A.M. | Enicola, E.E. | Makahiya, H.A.F.
Seasonal variation in growth, development and productivity of soybean is driven by changes in photoperiod and other agroclimatic factors. Field experiment was conducted at the Central Experiment Station, UPLB [University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines] to evaluate the phenology and growth of soybean varieties across two different seasons. Varieties tested were 1) Tiwala 6, 2) Tiwala 8, 3) Tiwala 10, 4) CLSoy and 5) Manchuria. Crops were grown under optimum management practices in October 2018-January 2019 and in February-June 2019. Pests and diseases were controlled. The average daylength was 11.5 hours day-1 in Oct 2018-Jan 2019 (short-day period) and 12.4 hours day-1 in Feb-Jun 2019 (long-day period). Results showed that varieties had significantly longer mean days to floral initiation (R1) during the long-day period than short-day period. Across seasons, CLSoy and Manchuria flowered earlier than Tiwala 6, 8 and 10. Tiwala varieties flowered within 22 days while CLSoy and Manchuria flowered within 18 days during the short-day period but all varieties flowered within 19 days in the long-day period which was significantly higher than about 42 days during short-day period. In general, soybean varieties matured at about 86 days after planting (DAP) during short-day period and about 106 DAP during long-day period. The maximum leaf area index (LAI) of 3.7 during long-day period was significantly higher than LAI of 3.0 during short-day period than long-day period. These indicate that soybean varieties had delayed flower initiation and physiological maturity and extended vegetative growth due to long photoperiods. Tiwala varieties were observed to be the more sensitive to seasonal changes than CLSoy and Manchuria.
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