Molecular Characterization of Alternaria spp. and Presence of Toxin in Isolated Genes: Review
2020
Puvača, Nikola | Budakov, Dragana | Petrović, Aleksandra | Vuković, Gorica | Merkuri, Jordan | Avantaggiato, Giuseppina | Bursić, Vojislava | Cara, Magdalena
The precision and efficiency of phytosanitary regulatory pursuits are conditional upon correct recognition of solitary confinement material, which in turn is reliant upon an exact taxonomic structure. Traditional disease diagnosis methods include the study of indicators on the host, isolation of fungi in suitable culture media, and ascertaining sexual and asexual edifices’ attributes along with spores used for the taxonomic classification. Attainment of components allowing pathogenicity on hosts has been indicated to have led the conversion in Alternaria alternata from a saprophytic to a plant pathogenic lifestyle. These elements are described as being “hostspecific” or “host-selective” because they provide specific pathogenicity to a particular host or range of hosts. Barcoding uses a set of primers with broad specificity to magnify genetic regions typically 500-800 bp in length. Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 is the animal barcoding locus and has been commonly used in fungi. Phylogenetic examinations have endeavored to define whether A. alternata pathotypes containing specific toxin genes are different phylogenetic taxa, and three descriptions can be deemed for the allotment of pathotypes all through the Alternaria phylogeny. Based on the above, this review aimed to present the molecular characterization of Alternaria spp. and toxin in isolated genes.
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