POTENTIAL OF WINTER SOFT WHEAT VARIETIES IN THE CENTRAL CHERNOZEM REGION
2021
Dubinkina, E.A. | Belyaev, N.N.
The article presents the results of studying various varieties of winter soft wheat in an environmental test in the conditions of the Central Chernozem region. The adaptive potential of winter wheat varieties in different meteorological conditions has been studied. The period of renewal of spring vegetation-exit to the tube was favorable in 2018 (SCC = 2,18); in 2020 (SCC = 2,03) and dry in 2019 (SCC = 0,21). The earing-maturing period was medium-arid in 2018 (SCC = 0,42), dry in 2019 (SCC = 0,31), and extremely arid in 2020 (SCC = 0,07). In the three-year observations identified the most productive, environmentally sustainable, formative yields at 5,3 – 5,48 t/ha varieties Turquoise, Blizzard, Chernozeme 130 and Chernozeme 188. Most heavy grains (1000 grains weight) on average over three years has formed a grade malachite (46,5 g), Basalt 2 (45,2 g), the torch (45,1 g) Basis (44,9 g) and Chernozeme 130 (44,1 g). Varieties Biryuza, Basalt 2, Bazis and Bezenchukskaya 380 form a crop due to the weight of grain of one ear – 1,68-1,81 g, Blizzard, Malachite, Chernozemka 115-due to the number of productive ears per 1 m2 700-750 pcs., against 512 pcs. at the standard. The number of grains in the ear of the variety Turquoise – 42,4 g, Blizzard – 40,1 g, Chernozem 188 – 39,7 pcs. It is proposed to use a system of complementary varieties in the production of winter soft wheat. According to the test results, recommendations are given to the production. In the zone of insufficient and unstable moistening of the Black Earth region, new varieties of winter soft wheat are recommended for use.
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