BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF ORDINARY CHERNOZEM WITH MINIMIZATIONOF SOIL TREATMENT AND DIRECT SEEDING
2021
Garmashova L.V. (V. V. Dokuchaev Voronezh Federal Agricultural Research Center) | Garmashov V.M. (V. V. Dokuchaev Voronezh Federal Agricultural Research Center)
In the edaphoclimatic conditions of the South-East Central Black Earth Economic Region minimizing the processing oftopsoil leads to a decrease in the biological activity of soil: the total number of microorganisms decreases by 1-9%, with zerotillage it can decrease down to 9%, the groups of microorganisms involved in the mineralization of humus decrease down to 2.7-9.6% with direct seeding it decreases down by 9.6% compared to the classical system of tillage in crop rotation, which is plowingwith the depth of 20-22 cm Reducing the depth of processing of ordinary chernozem surface treatment also leads to a decreasein the biological activity of the soil and the group of microorganisms that mineralize humus, but to a lesser extent than a completeabsence of soil treatment.Among the soils used in agricultural production, no tillage ensures a minimal activity of the group of microorganismsinvolved in the mineralization of humus and a minimal increase in their number during the time of using no-till. The studyobserves the minimal biological activity of the soil and the smallest number of humus mineralizers with the most stable level oftheir development over the years in the soil of those croplands that remain untreated for long periods of time.
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