Role of Rhizobacteria in control of bean root rot caused by Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli.
2019
MELO, I. S. de | LAZARETTI, E. | VALARINI, P. J. | FRIGHETTO, R. T. S.
The most important root pathogen of bean in Brazil is Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli which can attack roots of healthy beans growing under fairly normal conditions. To obtain rhizosphere-competent bacteria which could be used as biocontrol agents, bacteria were isolated from rhizosphere and rhizophane of bean healthy plants by standard techniques. Nine isolates including Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas spp. were selected for greenhouse and field tests. All these isolates inhibited in vitro Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli and Rhizoctonia solani. An isolate of B. subtilis inhibited the mycelial growth of several plant pathogenic fungi including Phytophthora citrophthora, Verticillium dahliae, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. This strain produced an antibiotic substance in an ethyl acetate extract that totally inhibited germination of conidia and the mycelial growth of Fusarium solani. Seed bacterization of bean with a cell suspension of B. subtilis, reduced significantly infections as compared with the control, promoted the plant growth and, increased the nodulation by Rhizobium. In field conditions, with naturally infested soil with Fusarium solani, the bacterium reduced the incidence of the disease and increased the grain yield.
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