STUDY OF THE TREATMENT OF SOYBEAN SEEDS AND PLANTS WITH INOCULANTS AND MICROBIOLOGICAL FERTILIZERS IN THE CENTRAL CHERNOZEM REGION

The article presents the results of a 2019-2022 study on the effect of seed inoculation, as well as pre-sowing seed treatment and foliar feeding of vegetative soybean plants in the 6-8 leaf phase with microbiological fertilizers on productivity and economically valuable crop traits in the conditions of the Central Black Earth region. The highest yield – 2.45 t/ha (on average for 4 years) was obtained on the variant with the use of seed inoculation together with the treatment of seeds and vegetating plants with microbiological fertilizers Azotovit and Phosphatovit. The yield increase in this variant was 0.71 t/ha or 40.8%. The positive effect of the combined use of a biological dresser with microbiological fertilizers and inoculants in a composite mixture on the quantitative characteristics of productivity elements was noted. Due to their use, an increase in the safety of plants by the end of the growing season was noted, the weight of 1000 seeds increased and the quality indicators of soybean seeds improved. The content of crude protein in soy grain in a higher amount was observed in variants with seed treatment with inoculant (28.7-29.6%). The greatest difference compared to the control was noted on the variant: Azotovite + Phosphatovite (seeds and plants treatment) + Nitroforce Zh, it was 2.3%. The largest collection of protein and fat in the soybean harvest was obtained on variants with seed treatment with inoculant, the maximum - on the variant Background + (Azotovite + Phosphatovite) (seeds and plants treatment), it was 0,73 t/ha and 0,61 t/ha, respectively. The use of innovative preparations ensured a reduction in the cost of soybean seeds by 1500-3640 rubles/ton, an increase in profit from 6200 до 18050 rubles/ha and a level of profitability from 17 to 47,3%