Heavy metals in soils of Zarqa river catchment "lead cadmium and nickel"
1986
El-Khattari, S. (Jordan Univ., Amman (Jordan))
Heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Ni) were studied in ZRS surface soils (30 cm) and plant leaves (economic plants and grasses) were sampled from 37 sites distributed between the three main regions of Amman-Zarqa, Zarqa-King Talal Dam and Deir Alla-Damya. In A-Z region, total Pb concentration ranged from 55-114 ppm. The EDTA extractable Pb was 13.4-47.5 ppm and in the leaves was 2.5-15.5 ppm. The total soil Cd was 6-15.9 ppm. The extractable Cd was 1.6-5.6 ppm, and in the leaves was 0.08-4.24 ppm. Total soil Ni ranged from 47.2-88.6 ppm. The extractable Ni was 7.4-10.6 ppm; in the leaves Ni Pb was 2-11 ppm. Heavy metals content of Z-KTD and DAD regions were similar but appreciably lesser than that in A-Z region, where the total Pb ranged from 30.9 to 105.7 ppm. The extractable Pb was 2-15.3 ppm; in the leaves was 2.4-14.9 ppm. The total Cd in the soil was 0.0-8.9 ppm. The extractable Cd1359 was 0.13 ppm; in the leaves was 0.07-3 ppm. While total soil Ni was 27.6-77.9 ppm, the extractable Ni was 2-10.5 ppm; in the leaves Ni concentration was 0.07-9.02 ppm. These concentrations indicated, that most of ZRC soils were probably polluted or potentially polluted with Pb, Cd, and Ni. The elevated levels of these heavy metals in soils caused a high uptake by native and economic plants, where it exceeded their normal levels. Pollution sources with heavy metals should be cut down and strictly controlled to prevent their reach to the human food chain and to protect the surface and underground w
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