Increase of cultural efficiency and genetic variability of anther-derived plant in rice (Oryza sativa L.) anther culture
1988
Yang, S.J. (Rural Development Administration, Milyang (Korea R.). Yeondgnam Crops Experiment Station)
The present studies were focused on the increase of cultural efficiency in vitro and genetic variability of anther-derived plants to obtain the basic information for rice breeding through anther culture. The frequency of plant differentiation from callus grown on N6 basic medium with 2.0mg/l NAA and 1.0mg/l kinetin was higher than those of N6 basic medium with 2.0mg/l NAA or 2.0mg/l 2,4-D alone regardless of the type of plant differentiation medium. The best callus age for more green plant2048 was about 11-20 days after callus formation. The frequency of albino increased from callus grown above 30 days after callus formation. Rice anthers pretreated for 15 days at 10 deg C showed higher cultural efficiency than other treatment temperature and periods. Genotypic difference in the frequency of callus formation was also recognized under cold pretreatment for 15 days at 10 deg C. The effect of cold treatment compared with control was sharply increased about 8 fold in Milyang 23, Tongil type, especially. Difference in the frequency of callus formation was not recognized depending on the reciprocal cross between Nagdongbyeo, Japonica type and Milyang 23, Tongil type. Most of Japonica type varieties in the cultural efficiency had better response than those of Indica or Tongil type varieties. The frequency of albino to green plant was also clearly recognized depending on genotype used for crosses: IR50/Milyang 23 for 167 %, Milyang 23/Sinseonchalbyeo for 115 %, and Milyang 74/Dashukei 2 for 34 %. Although the ratio of haploid to diploid was various according to F1 hybrids, more haploids in Tongil/Japonica F1 hybrids were differentiated than those of Japonica/Japonica F1 hybrids in average. Ploidy level of anther-derived plants practically could be distinguished depending on the difference in morphological charact
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