Phenology and spatial distribution of Cephalcia (Hym., Pamphiliidae) imagines in a Danish spruce forest
1988
Jensen, T.S. (Aarhus Univ. (Denmark). Zoological Lab.)
Investigations on flying Cephalcia spp. imagines were carried out in a Danish spruce plantation 1980-81 by different means of trapping. Five species were caught, viz C. arvensis, C. abietis, C. alashanica, C. pallidula and C. erythrogaster, the two former species dominating the catches. The three latter species were scarce but occurred in at least three out of six spruce stands investigated. The flight period of the species are described, C. erythrogaster appearing as the first species in May followed by C. abietis and C. pallidula and later by C. arvensis and C. alashanica. The overall male:female ratio was 85:1. Males of all species were mainly caught in yellow traps situated on the soil surface, whereas the few females were caught in traps within the tree canopy as well. The results of the trappings are discussed in relation to flight periods of Cephalcia elsewhere in Europe, development time, efficiency and insecticide treatment
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