Laboratory studies on development and fecundity of Circulifer opacipennis (Lethierry) (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) an important vector of Spiroplasma citri Saglio et al. in the Mediterranean area
1992
Sengonca, C. (Bonn Univ. (Germany). Inst. of Phytopathology) | Kersting, U. | Cinar, A.
The development of Circulifer opacipennis (Lethierry) was strongly influenced by temperature. The egg period decreased significantly from 10,5 days at 25 degrees C to 5,3 days at 35 degrees C. The adult stage was reached after 22,0 days at 25 degrees C and 12,1 days at 35 degrees C and no differences were found between the fluctuating temperature (20/30 degrees C) and the corresponding mean temperature (26,5 degrees C). The 1st and 5th instar required more time to develop than the remaining three stages. Mortality rate during egg stages was only slightly influenced by temperature, ranging between 8,2 % and 9,7 %. On the other hand, the mortality of immature stage was strongly affected by temperature. At 30 degrees C, only 9,5 % and at all other temperatures between 24,2 % and 39,5 % of all nymphs died. Oviposition period and longevity was significantly shorter at 35 degrees C, resulting 22,1 and 28,5 days, respectively, comparing to both lower temperatures. Fecundity was highest at 30 degrees C (234 eggs/female) compared to 181,7 and 162,2 eggs/female at 25 degrees C and 35 degrees C. The number of eggs laid per female per day was significantly higher at 30 degrees C (5,1 eggs/day) and 35 degrees C (5,6 eggs/day) than at 25 degrees C (3,9 eggs/day)
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