The efficacy of Phomopsis convolvulus against field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) applied as a preemergence bioherbicide
1994
Vogelsang, S. (Hohenheim Univ., Stuttgart (Germany). Inst. fuer Phytomedizin) | Watson, A.K. | Hurle, K.
Phomopsis convolvulus Ormeno, a potential bioherbicide for field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.), was tested for its preemergence activity. The fungus was grown on autoclaved pot barley grains for 4 weeks and then the material milled. For experiments in controlled environment, the milled barley inoculum was divided into several categories according to moisture content and size. Inoculum of different sizes was then applied to the surface of 10 cm diameter pots, into which pregerminated seeds of field bindweed were already sown. Applications were made 0, 1 and 2 days after sowing. In one experiment, pots were covered with plastic bags immediately after application of the fungus and retained for 6 days. In a second experiment, pots were placed in a dew chamber (100% RH, 24 degrees C) for 6 hours each day for 5 days after application. In a field experiment, 200 pregerminated field bindweed seeds were sown into 0.25 square metre plots and applications of the fungal inoculum made 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 days after sowing. In the controlled environment, up to 87% mortality was observed, and dry weights of above-ground and root biomass were reduced by up to 98 and 97%, respectively. In the field barley retained its viability and pathogenicity when stored at 4 degrees C over a period of 6 months. Inocula stored at 21 degrees C lost viability relatively quickly
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